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Named for American scientist, Daniel E. Salmon, salmonella is a general term used for a family of bacteria that can cause diarrhea in humans. There are actually more than 2,400 kinds of salmonella. Salmonella are often found in the feces of some animals.
Humans develop salmonellosis, a salmonella infection, when salmonella bacteria are accidentally ingested through contaminated food products. People most at risk of becoming ill from salmonella are: Young children and infants (their immune systems are not yet developed enough to fight off the bacteria); older people; those persons with already weakened immune systems; people taking cancer-fighting drugs; people who regularly take antacids or stomach acid suppressing medications.
Symptoms of a salmonellosis are diarrhea (which may be bloody), abdominal pain and cramping, and fever. These symptoms usually develop from 6 to 72 hours from the time of ingestion. Some people will not become ill upon coming in contact with the bacteria and for most people symptoms will subside within 4 to 7 days of onset.
To avoid getting a salmonella infection, take these steps – wash your hands frequently; be careful when handling pets, especially reptiles and birds; make sure food is cooked thoroughly and to proper temperatures being especially careful with ground beef, poultry and eggs; avoid eating raw or undercooked eggs; avoid unpasteurized milk and juices; thoroughly wash produce; wash utensils and surfaces that have come in contact with raw meats or eggs with soap and water; hands should be washed before handling food and between handling different food items.
Persons with diarrhea from this or any other infection should increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration – the best fluids being water or sports drinks which help to replace lost electrolytes. Severe cases may require a doctor’s visit, antibiotics, and/or intravenous fluids (CDC, 2009).
Wishing you joy and good health,
Mary Bohlen, RN 708.798.0622
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